SELECT 
  cscart_products.* 
FROM 
  cscart_products 
WHERE 
  cscart_products.product_id IN (
    143, 298, 305, 339, 427, 428, 429, 430, 
    431, 516, 517, 538, 1565, 1566, 1567, 
    1568, 1569, 1570, 5477, 5556
  )

Query time 0.00140

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_products",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "3",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
      "rows": 20,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_products.product_id in (143,298,305,339,427,428,429,430,431,516,517,538,1565,1566,1567,1568,1569,1570,5477,5556)"
    }
  }
}